Milton Friedman citáty
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Milton Friedman bol americký ekonóm, štatistik a univerzitný profesor, významný predstaviteľ chicagskej školy. V roku 1976 mu bola udelená Cena Švédskej ríšskej banky za ekonomické vedy na pamiatku Alfreda Nobela. Spolu s Keynesom je najznámejší a najvplyvnejším ekonómom 20. storočia. Wikipedia  

✵ 31. júl 1912 – 16. november 2006
Milton Friedman fotka
Milton Friedman: 178   citátov 13   Páči sa

Milton Friedman najznámejšie citáty

„Za všetkým hľadaj peniaze.“

Prisudzované výroky

Tento preklad čaká na revíziu. Je preklad správne?

„História nám len naznačuje, že kapitalizmus je potrebnou podmienkou politickej slobody. Je zrejmé, že nie je podmienkou postačujúcou. Fašistické Taliansko a fašistické Španielsko, Nemecko v rôznych obdobiach počas posledných sedemdesiatich rokov, Japonsko pred prvou svetovou vojnou a v medzivojnovom období, cárske Rusko v desaťročiach pred prvou svetovou vojnou – to všetko sú spoločnosti, ktoré rozhodne nemožno označiť ako politicky slobodné. No predsa, v každej z nich bolo súkromné podnikanie dominantnou formou ekonomického usporiadanie. Je preto zjavne možné, aby existoval ekonomický systém, ktorý je vo svojich základoch kapitalistický, a politický systém, ktorý nie je slobodný. Dokonca aj v týchto spoločnostiach mali občania omnoho viac slobody než občania moderných totalitných štátoch ako je Rusko alebo nacistické Nemecko, kde je ekonomický totalitarizmus spojený s politickým totalitarizmom. Ešte aj v cárskom Rusku mali niektorí občania za určitých okolností možnosť zmeniť zamestnanie bez potreby súhlasu politickej autority, pretože kapitalizmus a existencia súkromného vlastníctva do istej miery kontrolovali centralizovanú moc štátu.“

History suggests only that capitalism is a necessary condition for political freedom. Clearly it is not a sufficient condition. Fascist Italy and Fascist Spain, Germany at various times in the last seventy years, Japan before World Wars I and II, tzarist Russia in the decades before World War I -- are all societies that cannot conceivably be described as politically free. Yet, in each, private enterprise was the dominant form of economic organization. It is therefore clearly possible to have economic arrangements that are fundamentally capitalist and political arrangements that are not free. Even in those societies, the citizenry had a good deal more freedom than citizens of a modern totalitarian state like Russia or Nazi Germany, in which economic totalitarianism is combined with political totalitarianism. Even in Russia under the Tzars, it was possible for some citizens, under some circumstances, to change their jobs without getting permission from political authority because capitalism and the existence of private property provided some check to the centralized power of the state. (en)
Potvrdené výroky, Kapitalizmus a sloboda (1962)
Zdroj: FRIEDMAN, Milton. Capitalism and Freedom. 3rd Edition, Chicago; Londýn : University of Chicago Press, 2002. 208 p. ISBN 0-226-26421-1. p. 10.

„Vojna je priateľom štátu. V čase vojny si vláda osobuje moc a robí veci, ktoré by zvyčajne nerobila.“

War is a friend of the state. In time of war, government will take powers and do things that it would not ordinarily do. (en)
Friedman vysvetlil prečo je militaristická zahraničná politika Bushovej administratívy hrozbou pre jeho snahy zoštíhľovania štátnej správy.
Potvrdené výroky
Zdroj: LOCHHEAD, Carolyn. Friedman's 'heresy' hits mainstream / Private Social Security accounts were his idea. http://www.sfgate.com/opinion/article/Friedman-s-heresy-hits-mainstream-Private-2665465.php#page-2 In San Francisco Chronicle. ISSN 1932-8672, 2005-06-05 [cit. 2014-01-09].

„Som agnostik. „Neverím v“ Boha, ale nie som ateista, pretože verím, že tvrdenie „Boh existuje“ nie je možné ani potvrdiť, ani vyvrátiť. Nemyslím si, že Boh nejako súvisí s ekonomikou, ale hodnoty áno.“

I am an agnostic. I do not "believe in" God, but I am not an atheist, because I believe the statement, "There is a god" does not admit of being either confirmed or rejected. I do not believe God has anything to do with economics. But values do. (en)
Potvrdené výroky
Zdroj: LOFTON, John. An Exchange: My Correspondence With Milton Friedman About God, Economics, Evolution And “Values”. http://archive.theamericanview.com/index.php?id=736 American View. 2006 [cit. 2014-01-12].

„Obed zadarmo neexistuje.“

Prisudzované výroky

Milton Friedman Citáty o ľuďoch

„Jednou z najväčších chýb je posudzovať politiku a programy podľa ich zámerov a nie na základe výsledkov. Všetci vieme, ktorá slávna cesta je vydláždená dobrými úmyslami. Ľudia, ktorí hlásajú ich mäkkým srdcom – sympatizujem s nimi – obdivujem ich mäkké srdcia, ale nanešťastie to zvyčajne postihuje aj ich myseľ, pretože skutočnosťou ostáva, že programy označené ako určené pre chudobných, núdznych, takmer vždy pôsobia opačne než dobré mienené úmysly ich navrhovateľov.“

One of the great mistakes is to judge policies and programs by their intentions rather than their results. We all know a famous road that is paved with good intentions. The people who go around talking about their soft heart — I share their — I admire them for the softness of their heart, but unfortunately, it very often extends to their head as well, because the fact is that the programs that are labeled as being for the poor, for the needy, almost always have effects exactly the opposite of those which their well-intentioned sponsors intend them to have. (en)
Potvrdené výroky
Zdroj: The Open Mind : Living Within Our Means. http://www.thirteen.org/openmind/public-affairs/living-within-our-means/494/ [epizóda televíznej talkshow]. Moderátor Richard D. Heffner. Spojené štáty, 1975. WPIX, 1975-12-07 10:30 EST.

„Hlavný zdroj námietok proti slobodnej ekonomike ozaj spočíva práve v tom, že túto úlohu plní tak dobre. Poskytuje ľuďom to, čo chcú a nie to, o čom si nejaká zvláštna skupina myslí, že by mali chcieť. Za mnohými argumentmi proti slobodnému trhu sa skrýva nedostatok viery v samotnú slobodu.“

Indeed, the major source of objection to a free economy is precisely that it does this task so well. It gives people what they want instead of what a particular group thinks they ought to want. Underlying most arguments against the free market is a lack of belief in freedom itself. (en)
Potvrdené výroky, Kapitalizmus a sloboda (1962)
Zdroj: FRIEDMAN, Milton. Capitalism and Freedom. 3rd Edition, Chicago; Londýn : University of Chicago Press, 2002. 208 p. ISBN 0-226-26421-1. p. 15.

Milton Friedman citáty a výroky

Tento preklad čaká na revíziu. Je preklad správne?

„S úctou k platom učiteľov, hlavný problém nespočíva v tom, že by v priemere boli príliš nízke – v priemere môžu byť tiež príliš vysoké – ale v ich prílišnej uniformite a strnulosti. Zlí učitelia sú značne preplácaní a dobrí učitelia sú značne nedoplácaní. Platové tabuľky majú sklon byť uniformné a určované podstatne viac vekom, získanými titulmi a certifikátmi než zásluhami.“

With respect to teachers' salaries, the major problem is not that they are too low on the average — they may well be too high on the average — but that they are too uniform and rigid. Poor teachers are grossly overpaid and good teachers grossly underpaid. Salary schedules tend to be uniform and determined far more by seniority, degress received, and teaching certificates acquired than by merit. (en)
Potvrdené výroky, Kapitalizmus a sloboda (1962)
Zdroj: FRIEDMAN, Milton. Capitalism and Freedom. 3rd Edition, Chicago; Londýn : University of Chicago Press, 2002. 208 p. ISBN 0-226-26421-1. p. 95.

„Od začiatku som bol proti tomu, aby sme išli do Iraku. Myslím, že to bola chyba, z rovnakého dôvodu, že neverím, že Spojené štáty americké by sa mali podieľať na agresii.“

As it happens, I was opposed to going into Iraq from the beginning. I think it was a mistake, for the simple reason that I do not believe the United States of America ought to be involved in aggression. (en)
Potvrdené výroky
Zdroj: VARADARAJAN, Tunku. Rose and Milton Friedman : The Romance of Economics. http://online.wsj.com/news/articles/SB115352827130914276 In The Wall Street Journal. ISSN 0099-9660, 2006-12-22 [cit. 2014-01-09].

„Nič nie je také trvácne ako dočasný vládny program.“

Prisudzované výroky

„Dovoľte mi, aby som opäť prizvukoval, že neschvaľujem ani neospravedlňujem režimy Čile, Brazílie, Juhoslávie alebo Ruska.“

Nemal som nič spoločné s ich vládou. Vrúcne si prajem, aby boli nahradené slobodnou demokratickou spoločnosťou. Nepovažujem návštevu žiadneho z nich za súhlas s nimi. Nepovažujem učenie sa z ich skúseností za nemorálne. Nepovažujem poskytnutie rád ohľadne ekonomickej politiky za nemorálne, keď sú podľa mňa také podmienky, že ekonomický vzostup by prispel ako k blahobytu obyčajných ľudí, tak aj k šanci na posun smerom k politicky slobodnej spoločnosti.
Let me stress again. I do not approve or condone the regimes in Chile, Brazil, Yugoslavia or Russia. I had nothing to do with their establishment. I would fervently wish their replacement by free democratic societis. I don not regard visiting any of them as an endorsement. I don not regard learning from their experience as immoral. I don not regard giving advice on economic policy as immoral if the conditions seem to me to be such that economic improvement would contribute both to the well-being of the ordinary people and to the chance of movement toward a politically free society. (en)
Potvrdené výroky, Two Lucky People (1998)
Zdroj: FRIEDMAN, Milton – FRIEDMAN, Rose. Two Lucky People : Memoirs. University of Chicago Press, 1998. 660 p. ISBN 0-226-26414-9. p. 596. (odpoveď na list Augusta Pinocheta, 21. apríl 1975)

„Som za znižovanie daní, za akýchkoľvek okolností a pre akúkoľvek výhovorku, pre akýkoľvek dôvod, kedykoľvek je to možné. Dôvodom je moje presvedčenie, že veľkým problémom nie sú dane, ale výdavky. Otázkou je: „Ako znížite štátne výdavky?““

Štátne výdavky teraz dosahujú 40 percent národného dôchodku, nerátajúc priame výdavky prostredníctvom regulácií a pod. Pokiaľ zahrniete aj tie, vyjde vám približne polovica. Reálne riziko, ktorému čelíme je že sa toto číslo bude postupne zvyšovať. Jediným efektívnym spôsobom, ako ho udržať dole je obmedziť objem štátnych príjmov. To možno učiniť znížením daní.
I am in favor of cutting taxes under any circumstances and for any excuse, for any reason, whenever it's possible. The reason I am is because I believe the big problem is not taxes, the big problem is spending. The question is, “How do you hold down government spending?” Government spending now amounts to close to 40% of national income not counting indirect spending through regulation and the like. If you include that, you get up to roughly half. The real danger we face is that number will creep up and up and up. The only effective way I think to hold it down, is to hold down the amount of income the government has. The way to do that is to cut taxes. (en)
Potvrdené výroky
Zdroj: HAWKINS, John. An Interview With Milton Friedman. http://www.rightwingnews.com/interviews/an-interview-with-milton-friedman-2/. 2003-09-16 [cit. 2014-01-09].

Milton Friedman: Citáty v angličtine

“Make politics an avocation, not a vocation.”

As quoted in “Milton Friedman: A Tribute” https://original.antiwar.com/henderson/2006/11/20/milton-friedman-a-tribute/, David R. Henderson, antiwar.com, (Nov. 20, 2006), told to Henderson (May, 1970)

“There is no place for government to prohibit consumers from buying products the effect of which will be to harm themselves.”

From Who protects the consumer?, an episode of the PBS Free to Choose television series (1980, vol. 7 transcript) http://www.freetochoosemedia.org/freetochoose/detail_ftc1980_transcript.php?page=7

“Thanks to economists, all of us, from the days of Adam Smith and before right down to the present, tariffs are perhaps one tenth of one percent lower than they otherwise would have been. … And because of our efforts, we have earned our salaries ten-thousand fold.”

Speaking at a meeting of the American Economic Association, as quoted by Walter Block in "Milton Friedman RIP" in Mises Daily (16 November 2006) http://mises.org/story/2393

“The contraction from 1929 to 1933 was by far the most severe business-cycle contraction during the near-century of U. S. history we cover and it may well have been the most severe in the whole of U. S. history.”

Milton Friedman kniha A Monetary History of the United States

"The Great Contraction, 1929-1933" (1963), with Anna J. Schwartz
A Monetary History of the United States (1963)

“The business of business is business.”

Widely attributed to Friedman, and sometimes cited as being in his work Capitalism and Freedom (1962) this is also attributed to Alfred P. Sloan, sometimes with citation of a statement of 1964, but sometimes with attestations to his use of it as a motto as early as 1923.
Disputed

“There's a smokestack on the back of every government program.”

Interview (10 February 1999) in the video production Take It To The Limits: Milton Friedman on Libertarianism http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cl_qwo2VIlU.

“Whether it is in the slums of New Delhi or in the affluence of Las Vegas, it simply isn't fair that there should be any losers. Life is unfair — there is nothing fair about one man being born blind and another man being born with sight. There is nothing fair about one man being born of a wealthy parent and one of an impecunious parent. There is nothing fair about Muhammad Ali having been born with a skill that enables him to make millions of dollars one night. There is nothing fair about Marlene Dietrich having great legs that we all want to watch. There is nothing fair about any of that. But on the other hand, don't you think a lot of people who like to look at Marlene Dietrich's legs benefited from nature's unfairness in producing a Marlene Dietrich. What kind of a world would it be if everybody was an absolute identical duplicate of anybody else. You might as well destroy the whole world and just keep one specimen left for a museum. In the same way, it's unfair that Muhammad Ali should be a great fighter and should be able to earn millions. But would it not be even more unfair to the people who like to watch him if you said that in the pursuit of some abstract idea of equality we're not going to let Muhammad Ali get more for one nights fight than the lowest man on the totem pole can get for a days unskilled work on the docks. You can do that but the result of that would be to deny people the opportunity to watch Muhammad Ali. I doubt very much he would be willing to subject himself to the kind of fights he's gone through if he were to get the pay of an unskilled docker.”

From Created Equal, an episode of the PBS Free to Choose television series (1980, vol. 5 transcript) http://www.freetochoosemedia.org/broadcasts/freetochoose/detail_ftc1980_transcript.php?page=5.

“The basic problem of social organization is how to co-ordinate the economic activities of large numbers of people.”

Zdroj: (1962), Ch. 1 The Relation Between Economic Freedom and Political Freedom, p. 12

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