Démokritos citáty

Démokritos z Abdér alebo Demokritos z Abdér alebo Demokrit bol starogrécky filozof, tvorca teoreticky značne rozpracovanej a až našu súčasnosť ovplyvňujúcej teórie atómov . Bol súčasníkom sofistov Sokrata a Platóna a vynikajúcim matematikom, čo ovplyvnilo aj podobu jeho diela, akejsi matematickej teórie hmoty: jestvujú len atómy a prázdno , v ktorom sa atómy pohybujú.

Atómy sú malé, nepriestupné a ďalej nedeliteľné hmotné čiastočky, ktoré majú vlastný pohyb a tiaž, čím vytvárajú, vzájomne na seba narážajúc pohyb zvaný vír. Atómy sa dajú rozlíšiť podľa tvaru, polohy a dotyku . Pomocou toho Demokritos vysvetľuje kvalitativnu diferencovanosť skutočnosti. Demokritos rozlišuje kvality, ktoré sú dané objektívne povahou atómov a povahou vecí, napr. tiaž, rozpriestranenosť, a kvality, na charaktere ktorých sa podieľa aj vnímajúci, ako napr. farby, vône a pod.

Rozlišuje svetlé a temné poznanie. Svetlé je poznanie rozumom a temné naopak zmyslami.

Skladbu sveta, vecí, ktoré vnímame, možno pochopiť len rozumom, ktorý preniká do ich vnútra.



Demokritos podáva prísne deterministický výklad sveta: vysvetliť niečo znamená objaviť jeho príčiny. Wikipedia  

Démokritos fotka
Démokritos: 108   citátov 171   Páči sa

Démokritos najznámejšie citáty

„Ak pochvale nerozumieš, predpokladaj, že ti len lichotia.“

Prisudzované výroky

Démokritos Motivačné citáty

„Stále chcenie skutky nedokončí.“

Prisudzované výroky

„Kto odporuje a veľa tára, je neschopný sa naučiť potrebné.“

Prisudzované výroky

Démokritos citáty a výroky

„Príčinou hriechu je neskúsenosť s lepším.“

Prisudzované výroky

„Človek je svet v malom.“

Prisudzované výroky

„Každý, kto má v rukách moc, má sklon ju zneužívať.“

Prisudzované výroky

„Šťastie a nešťastie je vecou duše.“

Prisudzované výroky

„Prácu uľahčuje návyk.“

Prisudzované výroky

Démokritos: Citáty v angličtine

“Immoderate desire is the mark of a child, not a man.”

Freeman (1948), p. 152
Varianta: It is childish, not manly, to have immoderate desires.

“The brave man is not only he who overcomes the enemy, but he who is stronger than pleasures. Some men are masters of cities, but are enslaved to women.”

Freeman (1948), p. 163
Varianta: The brave man is he who overcomes not only his enemies but his pleasures. There are some men who are masters of cities but slaves to women.

“He who does wrong is more unhappy than he who suffers wrong.”

Source Book in Ancient Philosophy (1907), The Golden Sayings of Democritus

“Throw moderation to the winds, and the greatest pleasures bring the greatest pains.”

Source Book in Ancient Philosophy (1907), The Golden Sayings of Democritus

“There are many who know many things, yet are lacking in wisdom.”

Source Book in Ancient Philosophy (1907), The Golden Sayings of Democritus

“In a shared fish, there are no bones.”

Freeman (1948), p. 157

“Beautiful objects are wrought by study through effort, but ugly things are reaped automatically without toil.”

Freeman (1948), p. 161
Varianta: The good things of life are produced by learning with hard work; the bad are reaped of their own accord, without hard work.

“No one deserves to live who has not at least one good-man-and-true for a friend.”

Source Book in Ancient Philosophy (1907), The Golden Sayings of Democritus

“Good breeding in cattle depends on physical health, but in men on a well-formed character.”

Freeman (1948), p. 151
Durant (1939), Ch. XVI, §II, p. 354; citing C. Bakewell, Sourcebook in Ancient Philosophy, New York, 1909, "Fragment 57"
Varianta: Strength of body is nobility only in beasts of burden, strength of character is nobility in man.
Varianta: In cattle excellence is displayed in strength of body; but in men it lies in strength of character.

“A sensible man takes pleasure in what he has instead of pining for what he has not.”

Source Book in Ancient Philosophy (1907), The Golden Sayings of Democritus

“The friendship of one wise man is better than the friendship of a host of fools.”

Source Book in Ancient Philosophy (1907), The Golden Sayings of Democritus

“Tis well to restrain the wicked, and in any case not to join him in his wrong-doing.”

Source Book in Ancient Philosophy (1907), The Golden Sayings of Democritus

“Tis a grievous thing to be subject to an inferior.”

Source Book in Ancient Philosophy (1907), The Golden Sayings of Democritus

“If your desires are not great, a little will seem much to you; for small appetite makes poverty equivalent to wealth.”

Freeman (1948), p. 170
Varianta: By desiring little, a poor man makes himself rich.

“My enemy is not the man who wrongs me, but the man who means to wrong me.”

Source Book in Ancient Philosophy (1907), The Golden Sayings of Democritus

“You can tell the man who rings true from the man who rings false, not by his deeds alone, but also by his desires.”

Source Book in Ancient Philosophy (1907), The Golden Sayings of Democritus

“Many who have not learned wisdom live wisely, and many who do the basest deeds can make most learned speeches.”

Source Book in Ancient Philosophy (1907), The Golden Sayings of Democritus

“Medicine heals diseases of the body, wisdom frees the soul from passions.”

Freeman (1948), p. 149
Varianta: Medicine cures the diseases of the body; wisdom, on the other hand, relieves the soul of its sufferings.

“Fools learn wisdom through misfortune.”

Source Book in Ancient Philosophy (1907), The Golden Sayings of Democritus

“False men and shams talk big and do nothing.”

Source Book in Ancient Philosophy (1907), The Golden Sayings of Democritus

“Good means not [merely] not to do wrong, but rather not to desire to do wrong.”

Source Book in Ancient Philosophy (1907), The Golden Sayings of Democritus

“Disease of the home and of the life comes about in the same way as that of the body.”

Freeman (1948), p. 170
Varianta: Disease occurs in a household, or in a life, just as it does in a body.

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