History suggests only that capitalism is a necessary condition for political freedom. Clearly it is not a sufficient condition. Fascist Italy and Fascist Spain, Germany at various times in the last seventy years, Japan before World Wars I and II, tzarist Russia in the decades before World War I -- are all societies that cannot conceivably be described as politically free. Yet, in each, private enterprise was the dominant form of economic organization. It is therefore clearly possible to have economic arrangements that are fundamentally capitalist and political arrangements that are not free. Even in those societies, the citizenry had a good deal more freedom than citizens of a modern totalitarian state like Russia or Nazi Germany, in which economic totalitarianism is combined with political totalitarianism. Even in Russia under the Tzars, it was possible for some citizens, under some circumstances, to change their jobs without getting permission from political authority because capitalism and the existence of private property provided some check to the centralized power of the state. (en)
Potvrdené výroky, Kapitalizmus a sloboda (1962)
Zdroj: FRIEDMAN, Milton. Capitalism and Freedom. 3rd Edition, Chicago; Londýn : University of Chicago Press, 2002. 208 p. ISBN 0-226-26421-1. p. 10.
Citáty z knihy
Capitalism and Freedom
With respect to teachers' salaries, the major problem is not that they are too low on the average — they may well be too high on the average — but that they are too uniform and rigid. Poor teachers are grossly overpaid and good teachers grossly underpaid. Salary schedules tend to be uniform and determined far more by seniority, degress received, and teaching certificates acquired than by merit. (en)
Potvrdené výroky, Kapitalizmus a sloboda (1962)
Zdroj: FRIEDMAN, Milton. Capitalism and Freedom. 3rd Edition, Chicago; Londýn : University of Chicago Press, 2002. 208 p. ISBN 0-226-26421-1. p. 95.
Indeed, the major source of objection to a free economy is precisely that it does this task so well. It gives people what they want instead of what a particular group thinks they ought to want. Underlying most arguments against the free market is a lack of belief in freedom itself. (en)
Potvrdené výroky, Kapitalizmus a sloboda (1962)
Zdroj: FRIEDMAN, Milton. Capitalism and Freedom. 3rd Edition, Chicago; Londýn : University of Chicago Press, 2002. 208 p. ISBN 0-226-26421-1. p. 15.