Maximilien Robespierre citáty
Maximilien Robespierre
Dátum narodenia: 6. máj 1758
Dátum úmrtia: 28. júl 1794
Ďalšie mená: Robespierre,Maximilien Marie Isidore de Robespierre
Maximilián Robespierre, celým menom Maximilien François Marie Isidore de Robespierre [vyslov: maksimilje frásua mari izidor dropspjér], prezývaný „Nepodplatiteľný“, bol francúzsky politik, právnik, jedna z najdôležitejších osobností francúzskej revolúcie, vodca jakobínov.
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francúzsky politický mysliteľ a historikCitáty Maximilien Robespierre
„It is with regret that I pronounce the fatal truth: Louis must die, so that the country may live.“
— Maximilien Robespierre
Original French: Je prononce à regret cette fatale vérité... mais Louis doit mourir, parce qu'il faut que la patrie vive.
[http://www.royet.org/nea1789-1794/archives/journal_debats/an/1792/convention_1792_12_03.htm Speech to the National Convention] on the judgment of Louis XVI (3 December 1792)
„Any institution which does not suppose the people good, and the magistrate corruptible, is evil.“
— Maximilien Robespierre
Original French: Tout institution qui ne suppose pas le peuple bon et le magistrat corruptible est vicieuse.
From article 19 of the [http://saintjust.free.fr/DDHC93.htm Déclaration des droits de l'homme et du citoyen] (21 April 1793)
„The secret of freedom lies in educating people, whereas the secret of tyranny is in keeping them ignorant.“
— Maximilien Robespierre
Original French: Le secret de la liberté est d'éclairer les hommes, comme celui de la tyrannie est de les retenir dans l'ignorance
[http://books.google.com/books?id=iSMVAAAAQAAJ Oeuvres, Volume 2] p. 253.
„By sealing our work with our blood, we may see at least the bright dawn of universal happiness.“
— Maximilien Robespierre
Original French: En scellant notre ouvrage de notre sang, nous puissions voir au moins briller l'aurore de la félicité universelle.
Speech to the National Convention (5 February 1794)
„The aim of constitutional government is to preserve the Republic; that of revolutionary government is to lay its foundation.“
— Maximilien Robespierre
Christmas 1793 speech [http://www.lrb.co.uk/v33/n22/hugh-roberts/who-said-gaddafi-had-to-go]
„The government in a revolution is the despotism of liberty against tyranny.“
— Maximilien Robespierre
Original French: Le gouvernement de la révolution est le despotisme de la liberté contre la tyrannie.
[http://www.royet.org/nea1789-1794/archives/discours/robespierre_principes_morale_politique_05_02_94.htm Speech to the National Convention] (5 February 1794)
„Our revolution has made me feel the full force of the axiom that history is fiction and I am convinced that chance and intrigue have produced more heroes than genius and virtue.“
— Maximilien Robespierre
Original French: Notre révolution m'a fait sentir tout le sens de l'axiome qui dit que l'histoire est un roman ; et je suis convaincu que la fortune et l'intrigue ont fait plus de héros, que le génie et la vertu.
[http://www.royet.org/nea1789-1794/archives/journaux/lettres_commettants/robespierre_lettres_commettants_1_10.htm Lettres à ses commettants, 1ère série, n°10], (21 December 1792)
„The policy of the London Cabinet largely contributed to the first movement of our Revolution.... Taking advantage of political tempests (the cabinet) aimed to effect in an exhausted and dismembered France a change of dynasty and to place the Duke of York on the throne of Louis XVI.... Pitt.... is an imbecile, whatever may be said of a reputation that has been much too greatly puffed up. A man who, abusing the influence acquired by him on an island placed haphazard in the ocean, is desirous of contending with the French people, could not have conceived of such an absurd plan elsewhere than in a madhouse.“
— Maximilien Robespierre
Speech, Nov. 17, 1793 and speech, Jan.26, 1794 in Hippolyte Taine, The French Revolution, Volume 3, Chapter 1: The Psychology of the Jacobin Leaders
„We must smother the internal and external enemies of the Republic or perish with it; now in this situation, the first maxim of your policy ought to be to lead the people by reason and the people's enemies by terror.“
— Maximilien Robespierre
Original French: Il faut étouffer les ennemis intérieurs et extérieurs de la République, ou périr avec elle ; or, dans cette situation, la première maxime de votre politique doit être qu’on conduit le peuple par la raison, et les ennemis du peuple par la terreur.
Speech to the National Convention (5 February 1794)
„The most extravagant idea that can be born in the head of a political thinker is to believe that it suffices for people to enter, weapons in hand, among a foreign people and expect to have its laws and constitution embraced. No one loves armed missionaries; the first lesson of nature and prudence is to repulse them as enemies.“
— Maximilien Robespierre
Original French: La plus extravagante idée qui puisse naître dans la tête d'un politique est de croire qu'il suffise à un peuple d'entrer à main armée chez un peuple étranger, pour lui faire adopter ses lois et sa constitution. Personne n'aime les missionnaires armés; et le premier conseil que donnent la nature et la prudence, c'est de les repousser comme des ennemis.
Sur la guerre (1ère intervention), a speech to the Jacobin Club (2 January 1792)
„Citizens, did you want a revolution without revolution?“
— Maximilien Robespierre
Original French: Citoyens, vouliez-vous une révolution sans révolution?
[http://www.royet.org/nea1789-1794/archives/discours/robespierre_reponse_louvet.htm Réponse à J.- B. Louvet], a speech to the National Convention (5 November 1792)
„Death is not "an eternal sleep!" Citizens! efface from the tomb that motto, graven by sacrilegious hands, which spreads over all nature a funereal crape, takes from oppressed innocence its support, and affronts the beneficent dispensation of death! Inscribe rather thereon these words: "Death is the commencement of immortality!"“
— Maximilien Robespierre
Last speech to the National Convention[http://www.bartleby.com/268/7/24.html] (26 July 1794)
„lf the attribute of popular government in peace is virtue, the attribute of popular government in revolution is at one and the same time virtue and terror, virtue without which terror is fatal, terror without which virtue is impotent. The terror is nothing but justice, prompt, severe, inflexible; it is thus an emanation of virtue.“
— Maximilien Robespierre
Speech to the National Convention, (5 February 1794), as quoted in The Bolshevik Revolution, 1917-1923, Vol. 1 (1951) by Edward Hallett Carr, p. 154
Variant translations:
The attribute of popular government in a revolution is at one and the same time virtue and terror. Terror without virtue is fatal; virtue without terror is impotent. The terror is nothing but justice, prompt, severe, inflexible; it is thus an emanation of virtue.
As quoted in Red Star Over Southern Africa (1988) by Morgan Norval, p. xvi
If the mainspring of popular government in peace time is virtue, its resource during a revolution is at one and the same time virtue and terror; virtue, without which terror is merely terrible; terror, without which virtue is simply powerless.
As quoted in Rousseau, Robespierre and English Romanticism (1999) by Gregory Dart
Terror is nothing other than justice, prompt, severe, inflexible; it is therefore an emanation of virtue; it is not so much a special principle as it is a consequence of the general principle of democracy applied to our country's most urgent needs.
Original French: La terreur n'est autre chose que la justice prompte, sévère, inflexible; elle est donc une émanation de la vertu ; elle est moins un principe particulier, qu’une conséquence du principe général de la démocratie, appliqué aux plus pressants besoins de la patrie.
From [http://www.royet.org/nea1789-1794/archives/discours/robespierre_principes_morale_politique_05_02_94.htm Sur les principes de morale politique]
