Yoweri Museveni je súčasným prezidentom Ugandy. Vo svojej funkcii zotrváva nepretržite od 29. januára 1986.
Museveni študoval na univerzite v Dar-es-Salaame. Patril medzi obdivovateľov politiky tanzánskeho prezidenta Nyerereho. Do značnej miery ho ovplyvňovali revolucionárski myslitelia, ktorí pôsobili na univerzite aj mimo nej – veľkou inšpiráciou boli pre neho myšlienky Frantza Fanona. Zorganizoval cestu niekoľkých študentov do severného Mozambiku spravovaného Frelimo.
Museveni pracoval najprv v Oboteovej prezidentskej kancelárii ako ekonomicko-politický výskumný pracovník. Po zvrhnutí Oboteovho režimu utiekol v obavách z možných represií, hoci prevrat privítal ako spôsob prebudovania štátu na skutočne národnom základe. V Tanzánii sa spojil s Nyererom, ktorého požiadal o podporu pri budovaní odboja voči Idi Aminovi. Nyerere si kládol podmienku jednotného frontu voči Idi Aminovi pod vedením Oboteho a Museveni sa preto snažil s Obotom dohodnúť. Obote však žiadal konvenčnú vojnu v spojení s okolitými štátmi, ktorá by viedol on ako prezident. Museveni bol za vedenie povstaleckého boja, ktorý by zjednotil rôzne zoskupenia odporujúce režimu Idi Amina, preto založil vlastnú povstaleckú organizáciu – Front národnej spásy .
Po úspešnom vpáde tanzánijskych vojsk podporovaných povstaleckými skupinami, vrátane Frontu národnej spásy, boli v Ugande v decembri 1980 usporiadané voľby, v ktorých zvíťazil Obote. Väčšina obyvateľov južnej Ugandy ich však považovala za zmanipulované. V súlade s týmto nesúhlasným postojom vznikla Armáda národného odporu . Svoj cieľ dosiahla ANO 26. januára 1986, kedy dobyla Kampalu po úplnom rozklade ugandskej vlády Tita Okella.
Museveniho prezidentský mandát bol potvrdený až vo voľbách z roku 1996 – získal 75,5 % hlasov pri 72,6% volebnej účasti. Sčasti aj vďaka svojej tradične populistickej predvolebnej kampani zvíťazil aj vo voľbách v roku 2001. Pred voľbami však prisľúbil, že to bude jeho posledné funkčné obdobie. Sľub nedodržal a kandidoval aj vo voľbách v roku 2006. Tieto voľby, aj keď demokratickejšie než tie predchádzajúce, sprevádzali mnohé všeobecne neprípustné zásahy do demokratického poriadku, na čele so zatknutím a obvinením opozičného predáka Kizzy Besigyeho. 23. februára sa uskutočnili, po prvý raz po 25 rokoch, voľby za účasti viacerých strán, a ich výsledkom bolo predlženie Museveniho funkčného obdobia o ďalších päť rokov. Museveni získal 59% hlasov oproti 37% hlasov, ktoré dostal Besigye.
“I've never heard an agency say: "Unless you industrialize I will not support you."”
As quoted in "President Museveni Highlights Ugandan Achievements for Americans: Ugandan leader proud of political opening, economic growth in his country" https://web.archive.org/web/20050927025054/http://news.findlaw.com/wash/s/20050923/200509231521551.html (23 September 2005), by Jim Fisher-Thompson, Washington File, FindLaw <br class="br">2000s
As quoted in "President Museveni Highlights Ugandan Achievements for Americans: Ugandan leader proud of political opening, economic growth in his country" https://web.archive.org/web/20050927025054/http://news.findlaw.com/wash/s/20050923/200509231521551.html (23 September 2005), by Jim Fisher-Thompson, Washington File, FindLaw <br class="br">2000s
Stressing the need for more economic growth during the Commonwealth Heads of Government Meeting (25 November 2007), as quoted in "Museveni enjoys summit limelight" http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/7111812.stm (25 November 2007), by Peter Biles, BBC News, United Kingdom: British Broadcasting Corporation <br class="br">2000s
On John Garang's death in a helicopter crash, as quoted in Times Online https://web.archive.org/web/20050805121254/http://www.timesonline.co.uk/article/0,,3-1722777,00.html (5 August 2005), United Kingdom <br class="br">2000s
As quoted in "President Museveni Highlights Ugandan Achievements for Americans: Ugandan leader proud of political opening, economic growth in his country" https://web.archive.org/web/20050927025054/http://news.findlaw.com/wash/s/20050923/200509231521551.html (23 September 2005), by Jim Fisher-Thompson, Washington File, FindLaw <br class="br">2000s
When asked "Do you personally dislike homosexuals?", as quoted in Uganda president: Homosexuals are 'disgusting' http://edition.cnn.com/2014/02/24/world/africa/uganda-homosexuality-interview/index.html?sr=fb022414ugandapresident7p (25 February 2014), by Elizabeth Landau, Zain Verjee, and Antonia Mortensen, CNN <br class="br">2010s
As quoted in "Uganda's 19-year-old rebellion nears end: military" https://web.archive.org/web/20150923022403/http://en.people.cn/200509/09/eng20050909_207440.html (23 September 2005), People's Daily, China: People's Daily Online <br class="br">2000s
At the Commonwealth Heads of Government Meeting (23 November 2007), as quoted in "Listen to the young, says Queen" http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/7108896.stm (23 November 2007), BBC News, United Kingdom: British Broadcasting Corporation <br class="br">2000s
Defending the allocation of forest land to a sugar company (13 April 2007), as quoted in "Uganda leader defends forest plan" http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/6551905.stm (13 April 2007), BBC News, United Kingdom: British Broadcasting Corporation <br class="br">2000s
Assuring Ugandans that nobody can disrupt their peace (26 November 2007), https://web.archive.org/web/200711261111/http://www.statehouse.go.ug/news.detail.php?category=News&newsId=673
First public speech as Ugandan president (26 January 1986), as quoted in "Rebel Sworn in as Uganda President" http://www.nytimes.com/1986/01/30/world/rebel-sworn-in-as-uganda-president.html (30 January 1986), by Sheila Rule, The New York Times <br class="br">1980s
“Africa is wealthy in natural resources; the problem is they are not optimally utilized.”
As quoted in "President Museveni Highlights Ugandan Achievements for Americans: Ugandan leader proud of political opening, economic growth in his country" https://web.archive.org/web/20050927025054/http://news.findlaw.com/wash/s/20050923/200509231521551.html (23 September 2005), by Jim Fisher-Thompson, Washington File, FindLaw <br class="br">2000s
As quoted in "President Museveni Highlights Ugandan Achievements for Americans: Ugandan leader proud of political opening, economic growth in his country" https://web.archive.org/web/20050927025054/http://news.findlaw.com/wash/s/20050923/200509231521551.html (23 September 2005), by Jim Fisher-Thompson, Washington File, FindLaw <br class="br">2000s
On Migingo Island's ownership, as quoted in "Kenyan MPs' fury over island row" http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/8048771.stm (13 May 2009), BBC News, United Kingdom: British Broadcasting Corporation <br class="br">2000s
As quoted in "Pressure builds for change" https://web.archive.org/web/201204251111/http://www.global-briefing.org/2012/04/pressure-builds-for-change/ (April 2012), by Benon Herbert Oluka, Global: The International Briefing <br class="br">2010s
