Malcolm X citáty
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Malcolm X bol významný predstaviteľ čiernych moslimov v USA, hovorca hnutia Národ Islamu, bojovník za práva černochov.

Narodil sa ako Malcolm Little v Omahe, po konvertovaní na moslimskú vieru prijal meno Malcolm X a pripojil sa k Národu islamu. Toto hnutie bolo kombináciou africkej hrdosti a nepriateľstva voči belochom, zároveň členovia odmietali integráciu do väčšinovej "belošskej spoločnosti". V marci 1964 sa stal ortodoxným moslimom, prijal meno El-Hajj Malik El-Shabazza a z hnutia vystúpil, následne založil organizáciu Moslimská mešita a Organizáciu africko-americkej jednoty. Začal spolupracovať s bielymi liberálmi, ktorí podporovali občianske práva černochov. Traja čierni moslimovia ho pre odpadlíctvo 21. februára 1965 zastrelili počas prejavu v newyorskom Harleme.

V roku 1992 o ňom natočil režisér Spike Lee biografický film v hlavnej úlohe s Denzelom Washingtonom.

Špeciálny záznam CNN: Witnessed: The Assassination of Malcolm X, bol odvysielaný 17. februára 2015. Obsahoval rozhovory s ľuďmi, ktorí s ním blízko spolupracovali, vrátane A. Petra Baileyho a Earla Granta, ako dcéry Malcolma X, Ilyasah Shabazz.

Malcolm X bol označený za jedného z najvplyvnejších afroameričanov v histórii. Pripisujú sa mu zásluhy za zvýšenie sebavedomia černochov v Amerike a opätovné prepojenie s ich africkými koreňmi. Je zodpovedný za rozšírenie Islamu v černošských komunitách v Spojených Štátoch. Mnohí afroameričania, najmä tí, ktorí žili v mestách v severnej a západnej časti Spojených Štátov, mali pocit, že Malcom X vyjadril ich problémy o nerovnosti lepšie než Hnutie za občianske práva. Jeden biograf napísal, že vyjadrením ich frustrácie Malcolm X "objasnil cenu, ktorú by mala biela Amerika platiť, ak by nepristúpila k legitímnym požiadavkám černochov žijúcich v Amerike."

Na konci 60. rokov černošskí aktivisti zakladali hnutia z veľkej časti na Malcolmovi X, ako napríklad Black Arts Movement.



V roku 1963 začal Malcolm X spolupracovať s Alexom Haleyim na knihe o jeho živote The Autobiography of Malcolm X. Pri príprave mu povedal, "Ak budem nažive, keď sa táto kniha vydá, bude to zázrak." Haley dokončil a vydal knihu niekoľko mesiacov po útoku.

Na konci 80. a začiatkom 90. rokov nastalo vzkriesenie záujmu o jeho osobu medzi mladými ľuďmi. Hip-hopové skupiny ako Public Enemy prevzali Malcoma X ako svoju ikonu a jeho fotografia bola vystavená v tisícoch domov, kanceláriách a na školách. Táto vlna vyvrcholila v roku 1992, kedy sa začal premietať film Malcolm X, adaptácia knihy The Autobiography of Malcolm X.

V roku 1998, TIME zaradil The Autobiography of Malcolm X medzi jednu z 10 najvplyvnejších nebeletristických kníh 20. storočia. Wikipedia  

✵ 19. máj 1925 – 21. február 1965   •   Ďalšie mená Malcolm Little
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Malcolm X najznámejšie citáty

Malcolm X: Citáty v angličtine

“If you're not ready to die for it, take the word "freedom" out of your vocabulary.”

Chicago Defender (28 November 1962).
Attributed
Varianta: It’ll be liberty or it’ll be death. And if you’re not ready to pay that price don’t use the word freedom in your vocabulary.

“I have no mercy or compassion in me for a society that will crush people, and then penalize them for not being able to stand up under the weight.”

Malcolm X kniha The Autobiography of Malcolm X

Zdroj: The Autobiography of Malcolm X
Zdroj: The Autobiography of Malcolm X (1965), p. 22

“We need more light about each other. Light creates understanding, understanding creates love, love creates patience, and patience creates unity.”

Malcolm X: The Man and his Times, edited by John Henrik Clarke and published by Africa World Press in 1990, p. 304 http://books.google.de/books?id=43NsDThPEzgC&q=We+need+more+light+about+each+other.+Light,+creates+understanding,+understanding+creates+love,+love+creates+patience,+and+patience+creates+unity.+Once+we+have+more+knowledge+(light)+about+each+other,+we+will+stop+condemning+each+other+and+a+United+front+will+be+brought+about&dq=We+need+more+light+about+each+other.+Light,+creates+understanding,+understanding+creates+love,+love+creates+patience,+and+patience+creates+unity.+Once+we+have+more+knowledge+(light)+about+each+other,+we+will+stop+condemning+each+other+and+a+United+front+will+be+brought+about&hl=de&sa=X&ei=RhSgT_XXCsHVtAaW_sGlAQ&ved=0CDIQ6AEwAA
Kontext: Ignorance of each other is what has made unity impossible in the past. Therefore we need enlightenment. We need more light about each other. Light creates understanding, understanding creates love, love creates patience, and patience creates unity. Once we have more knowledge (light) about each other, we will stop condemning each other and a United front will be brought about.

“The ability to read awoke inside of me some long dormant craving to be mentally alive.”

Malcolm X kniha The Autobiography of Malcolm X

Zdroj: The Autobiography of Malcolm X

“Don't be in such a hurry to condemn a person because he doesn't do what you do, or think as you think or as fast. There was a time when you didn't know what you know today.”

Quoted by Maya Angelou (quote reproduced in James L. Conyers, Andrew P. Smallwood, Malcolm X: A Historical Reader, Carolina Academic Press, 2008, p. 181 and Elaine Slivinski Lisandrelli, Maya Angelou: More than a poet, Enslow Publishers, 1996, p. 90)
Attributed

“Human rights are something you were born with. Human rights are your God-given rights. Human rights are the rights that are recognized by all nations of this earth. And any time any one violates your human rights, you can take them to the world court.”

The Ballot or the Bullet (1964), Speech in Cleveland, Ohio (April 3, 1964)
Kontext: When you expand the civil-rights struggle to the level of human rights, you can then take the case of the black man in this country before the nations in the UN. You can take it before the General Assembly. You can take Uncle Sam before a world court. But the only level you can do it on is the level of human rights. Civil rights keeps you under his restrictions, under his jurisdiction. Civil rights keeps you in his pocket. Civil rights means you’re asking Uncle Sam to treat you right. Human rights are something you were born with. Human rights are your God-given rights. Human rights are the rights that are recognized by all nations of this earth. And any time any one violates your human rights, you can take them to the world court.

“I don’t see any American dream; I see an American nightmare.”

The Ballot or the Bullet (1964), Speech in Cleveland, Ohio (April 3, 1964)
Kontext: No, I’m not an American. I’m one of the 22 million black people who are the victims of Americanism. One of the 22 million black people who are the victims of democracy, nothing but disguised hypocrisy. So, I’m not standing here speaking to you as an American, or a patriot, or a flag-saluter, or a flag-waver—no, not I. I’m speaking as a victim of this American system. And I see America through the eyes of the victim. I don’t see any American dream; I see an American nightmare.

“And just because you have colleges and universities doesn't mean you have education.”

Zdroj: Malcolm X, Black Liberation, and the Road to Workers' Power

“Concerning non-violence: it is criminal to teach a man not to defend himself when he is the constant victim of brutal attacks.”

Zdroj: Malcolm X Speaks: Selected Speeches and Statements
Zdroj: Malcolm X Speaks (1965), p. 22

“You get freedom by letting your enemy know that you'll do anything to get your freedom; then you'll get it.”

Advice to the Youth of Mississippi (31 December 1964) http://www.britannica.com/blackhistory/article-9399834
Varianta: You get freedom by letting your enemy know that you'll do anything to get your freedom; then you'll get it. It's the only way you'll get it.
Kontext: You get freedom by letting your enemy know that you'll do anything to get your freedom; then you'll get it. It's the only way you'll get it.

“Nobody can give you freedom. Nobody can give you equality or justice or anything. If you're a man, you take it.”

Varianta: Nobody can give you freedom. Nobody can give you equality or justice or anything. If you're a man, you take it.
Zdroj: Malcolm X Speaks: Selected Speeches and Statements
Zdroj: Malcolm X Speaks (1965), p. 111

“It is only after slavery and prison that the sweetest appreciation of freedom can come.”

Malcolm X kniha The Autobiography of Malcolm X

Zdroj: The Autobiography of Malcolm X

“One day, may we all meet together in the light of understanding.”

Malcolm X kniha The Autobiography of Malcolm X

Zdroj: The Autobiography of Malcolm X