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Jonathan Edwards bol predstaviteľ severoamerickej filozofie, najvýznamnejší mysliteľ skupiny „novoanglickej teológie“.

Ako trinásťročný vstúpil na Yaleovo kolégium, kde ho čítanie anglických osvietencov priviedlo k záujmu o

prirodné vedy a novú filozofickú metódu. V roku 1721 prežil duchovný obrat, ktorý ho primäl k povýšeniu náboženského citu nad rozum. Edwards sa vrátil k dogmatickej prísnosti, akú hlásala kalvínska teológia prvých puritánskych kolonistov v 17. storočí, ale ktorá sa v ďalších generáciách prežívala. V súlade s tým aj vyznievali kázania, ktoré prednášal ako pastor kongregacionalistickej cirkvi 1726-1750 v Northhamptone. Povestným sa stal jeho prejav „Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God“ , ktorý vyšiel tlačou 1741. Jeho činnosť prispela k vyvolaniu takej nálady v Novom Anglicku, že sa tu rozvinulo 1734-1740 davové náboženské zanietenie zvané Great Awakening , podnietené návštevou anglického misionára

Georgea Whitefielda.

Neskôr bol kvôli jeho nezhodám s významnou časťou členov jeho cirkevného zhromaždenia vo veciach cirkevnej disciplíny a v tom, kto mohol pristupovať k prijímaniu Večere Pánovej, vylúčený z pozície pastora. Potom bol 1750-1757 misionárom u Indiánov v Stockbridge na pomedzí bieleho osídlenia; písal tam ďalšie bohoslovecké a dômyselné filozofické knihy, najmä Freedom of the Will , ktorá popri Religious Affections značne ovplyvnila protestantských teológov, z ktorých sú dnes známi napr. Dr. John Piper, alebo Dr. R.C. Sproul. V roku 1757 ho povolali za prezidenta kolégia New Jersey . Edwards domýšľal rozpory súdobého idealizmu až do posledných dôsledkov, pričom dosahoval myšlienkovú originalitu. Wikipedia  

✵ 5. október 1703 – 22. marec 1758   •   Ďalšie mená جوناثان إدواردز, Ҷонатан Эдвардс, جاناتان ادواردز, Ionathan Edwards
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„Zo všetkých vedomostí, ktoré môžeme kedykoľvek získať, sú najdôležitejšie poznanie Boha a poznanie seba samých.“

Jonathan Edwards

Jonathan Edwards: Citáty v angličtine

“What self-righteous persons take to themselves, is the same work that Christ was engaged in when He was in His agony and bloody sweat, and when He died on the cross, which was the greatest thing that ever the eyes of angels beheld. Christ could accomplish other parts of this work without cost; but this part cost Him His life, as well as innumerable pains and labors. Yet this is the part which self-righteous persons go about to accomplish for themselves.”

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Jonathan Edwards

Zdroj: Dictionary of Burning Words of Brilliant Writers (1895), p. 541.

“Christian practice is that evidence which confirms every other indication of true godliness.”

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Jonathan Edwards

Zdroj: Dictionary of Burning Words of Brilliant Writers (1895), p. 619.

“If Adam had finished his course of perfect obedience, he would have been justified: and certainly his justification would have implied something more than what is merely negative; he would have been approved of, as having fulfilled the righteousness of the law, and accordingly would have been adjudged to the reward of it. So Christ, our second surety, (in whose justification all whose surety he is, are virtually justified,) was not justified till he had done the work the Father had appointed him, and kept the Father’s commandments through all trials; and then in his resurrection he was justified. When he had been put to death in the flesh, but quickened by the spirit, 1 Pet. iii. 18. then he that was manifest in the flesh was justified in the spirit, 1 Tim. iii. 16.; but God, when he justified him in raising him from the dead, did not only release him from his humiliation for sin, and acquit him from any further suffering or abasement for it, but admitted him to that eternal and immortal life, and to the beginning of that exaltation that was the reward of what he had done. And indeed the justification of a believer is no other than his being admitted to communion in the justification of this head and surety of all believers; for as Christ suffered the punishment of sin, not as a private person, but as our surety; so when after this suffering he was raised from the dead, he was therein justified, not as a private person, but as the surety and representative of all that should believe in him. So that he was raised again not only for his own, but also for our justification, according to the apostle, Rom. iv. 25. “Who was delivered for our offences, and raised again for our justification.””

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Jonathan Edwards

And therefore it is that the apostle says, as he does in Rom. viii. 34. “Who is he that condemneth? It is Christ that died, yea rather, that is risen again.
Justification By Faith Alone (1738)

“All the virtues which appeared in Christ shone brightest in the close of His life, under the trials He then met. Eminent virtue always shows brightest in the fire. Pure gold shows its purity chiefly in the furnace. It was chiefly under those trials which Christ endured in the close of His life, that His love to God, His honor of God's majesty, His regard to the honor of His law, His spirit of obedience, His humility, contempt of the world, His patience, meekness, and spirit of forgiveness towards men, appeared. Indeed, every thing that Christ did to work out redemption for us appears mainly in the close of His life. Here mainly is His satisfaction for sin, and here chiefly is His merit of eternal life for sinners, and here chiefly appears the brightness of His example which He has set us for imitation.”

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Jonathan Edwards

Zdroj: Dictionary of Burning Words of Brilliant Writers (1895), p. 67.

“You that trust in your own righteousness, arrogate to yourselves the honor of the greatest thing that even God Himself ever did. You seem not only sufficient to perform Divine works, but such is your pride and vanity, that you are not content without taking upon you to do the very greatest work that ever God Himself wrought. God's works of providence are greater than those of creation. To take on yourself to work out redemption, is a greater thing than if you had taken it upon you to create a world.”

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Jonathan Edwards

Zdroj: Dictionary of Burning Words of Brilliant Writers (1895), p. 542.

“In the text we have an account how this future glorious advancement of the church of God should be introduced; viz. By great multitudes in different towns and countries taking up a joint resolution, and coming into an express and visible agreement, that they will, by united and extraordinary prayer, seek to God, that he would come and manifest himself, and grant the tokens and fruits of his gracious presence.”

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Jonathan Edwards

“Almost all men, and those that seem to be very miserable, love life, because they cannot bear to lose sight of such a beautiful and lovely world. The ideas, that every moment whilst we live have a beauty that we take not distinct notice of, brings a pleasure that, when we come to the trial, we had rather live in much pain and misery than lose.”

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Jonathan Edwards

"The Beauty of the World" (c.1725), from the notebook The Images of Divine Things, The Shadows of Divine Things, The Language and Lessons of Nature (published 1948).

“If you seek in the spirit of selfishness, to grasp all as your own, you shall lose all, and be driven out of the world, at last, naked and forlorn, to everlasting poverty and contempt.”

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Jonathan Edwards

Zdroj: Dictionary of Burning Words of Brilliant Writers (1895), p. 538.

“Every Christian that goes before us from this world is a ransomed spirit waiting to welcome us in heaven.”

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Jonathan Edwards

Zdroj: Dictionary of Burning Words of Brilliant Writers (1895), p. 304.

“Some that oppose this doctrine indeed say, that the apostle sometimes means that it is by faith, i. e. a hearty embracing the gospel in its first act only, or without any preceding holy life, that persons are admitted into a justified state; but, say they, it is by a persevering obedience that they are continued in a justified state, and it is by this that they are finally justified. But this is the same thing as to say, that a man on his first embracing the gospel is conditionally justified and pardoned. To pardon sin, is to free the sinner from the punishment of it, or from that eternal misery that is due to it; and therefore if a person is pardoned, or freed from this misery, on his first embracing the gospel, and yet not finally freed, but his actual freedom still depends on some condition yet to be performed, it is inconceivable how he can be pardoned otherwise than conditionally; that is, he is not properly actually pardoned, and freed from punishment, but only he has God’s promise that he shall be pardoned on future conditions. God promises him, that now, if he perseveres in obedience, he shall be finally pardoned, or actually freed from hell; which is to make just nothing at all of the apostle’s great doctrine of justification by faith alone. Such a conditional pardon is no pardon or justification at all, any more than all mankind have, whether they embrace the gospel or no; for they all have a promise of final justification on conditions of future sincere obedience, as much as he that embraces the gospel.”

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Jonathan Edwards

Justification By Faith Alone (1738)

“I often used to sit and view the moon for a long time; and in the day spent much time in viewing the clouds and sky, to behold the sweet glory of God in these things: in the mean time, singing forth, with a low voice, my contemplations of the Creator and Redeemer. And scarce any thing, among all the works of nature, was so sweet to me as thunder and lightning; formerly nothing had been so terrible to me. Before, I used to be uncommonly terrified with thunder, and to be struck with terror when I saw a thunder-storm rising; but now, on the contrary, it rejoiced me. I felt God, if I may so speak, at the first appearance of a thunderstorm; and used to take the opportunity, at such times, to fix myself in order to view the clouds, and see the lightnings play, and hear the majestic and awful voice of God's thunder, which oftentimes was exceedingly entertaining, leading me to sweet contemplations of my great and glorious God. While thus engaged, it always seemed natural for me to sing, or chant forth my meditations; or to speak my thoughts in soliloquies with a singing voice.”

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Jonathan Edwards

"Personal Narrative" (1739), from The Works of President Edwards (1830) Vol. I, edited by Sereno B. Dwight.

“Love is the active, working principle in all true faith. It is its very soul, without which it is dead. "Faith works by love."”

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Jonathan Edwards

Zdroj: Dictionary of Burning Words of Brilliant Writers (1895), p. 396.

“How great is your sin in rejecting Jesus Christ! You slight the glorious Person for whose coming God made such great preparation in such a series of wonderful providences from the beginning of the world, bringing to pass a thing before unknown, the union of the Divine nature with the human in one person. You have been guilty of slighting that great Saviour, who, after such preparation, actually accomplished the purchase of redemption, and who, after He had spent three or four and thirty years in poverty, labor, and contempt, in purchasing redemption, at last finished the purchase by closing His life under such extreme sufferings; and so by His death, and continuing for a time under the power of death, completed the whole. This is the Saviour you reject and despise. You make light of all the glory of His person, and of all the love of God the Father in sending Him into the world, and all His wonderful love appearing in the whole of His work.”

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Jonathan Edwards

Zdroj: Dictionary of Burning Words of Brilliant Writers (1895), p. 492.

“Confess your nothingness and ill-desert before God. Distrust yourself. Rely only upon God. Renounce all glory except from Him. Yield yourself heartily to His will and service. Avoid an aspiring, ambitious, ostentatious, assuming, arrogant, scornful, stubborn, willful, levelling, self-justifying behavior; and strive for more and more of the humble spirit that Christ manifested while He was here upon earth.”

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Jonathan Edwards

Zdroj: Dictionary of Burning Words of Brilliant Writers (1895), p. 331.

“All the graces of Christianity always go together. They so go together that where there is one, there are all, and where one is wanting, all are wanting. Where there is faith, there are love, and hope, and humility; and where there is love, there is also trust; and where there is a holy trust in God, there is love to God; and where there is a gracious hope, there also is a holy fear of God.”

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Jonathan Edwards

Zdroj: Dictionary of Burning Words of Brilliant Writers (1895), p. 119.

“The wrath of God burns against them, their damnation does not slumber; the pit is prepared, the fire is made ready, the furnace is now hot, ready to receive them; the flames do now rage and glow.”

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Jonathan Edwards kniha Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God

Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God (1741)

“Resolved, to ask myself at the end of every day, week, month and year, wherein I could possibly in any respect have done better.”

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Jonathan Edwards

No. 41.
Seventy Resolutions (1722-1723)

“They say there is a young lady in [New Haven] who is beloved of that Great Being, who made and rules the world, and that there are certain seasons in which this Great Being, in some way or other invisible, comes to her and fills her mind with exceeding sweet delight; and that she hardly cares for any thing, except to meditate on him— that she expects after a while to be received up where he is, to be raised up out of the world and caught up into heaven; being assured that he loves her too well to let her remain at a distance from him always. There she is to dwell with him, and to be ravished with his love and delight for ever. Therefore, if you present all the world before her, with the richest of its treasures, she disregards it and cares not for it, and is unmindful of any pain or affliction. She has a strange sweetness in her mind, and singular purity in her affections; is most just and conscientious in all her conduct; and you could not persuade her to do any thing wrong or sinful, if you would give her all the world, lest she should offend this Great Being. She is of a wonderful sweetness, calmness, and universal benevolence of mind; especially after this Great God has manifested himself to her mind. She will sometimes go about from place to place, singing sweetly; and seems to be always full of joy and pleasure; and no one knows for what. She loves to be alone, walking in the fields and groves, and seems to have some one invisible always conversing with her.”

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Jonathan Edwards

Written in 1723; from The Works of President Edwards, vol. I, ed. Sereno B. Dwight, 1830.
The young woman described here was Sarah Pierrepont, who became Edwards' wife in 1727.

“To mark all that I say in conversation, merely to beget in others, a good opinion of myself, and examine it.”

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Jonathan Edwards

Diary (10 November 1724).

“The soul of a true christian, as I then wrote my meditations, appeared like such a little white flower as we see in the spring of the year; low and humble on the ground, opening its bosom to receive the pleasant beams of the sun’s glory; rejoicing, as it were, in a calm rapture; diffusing around a sweet fragrancy; standing peacefully and lovingly, in the midst of other flowers round about; all in like manner opening their bosoms to drink in the light of the sun.”

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Jonathan Edwards

"Personal Narrative" (1739), from The Works of President Edwards (1830) Vol. I, edited by Sereno B. Dwight.

“By Christ's purchasing redemption, two things are intended, His satisfaction, and His merit. All is done by the price that Christ lays down, which does two things: it pays our debt, and so it satisfies; by its intrinsic value, and by the agreement between the Father and the Son it procures our title, and so it merits. The satisfaction of Christ is to free us from misery, and the merit of Christ is to purchase happiness for us.”

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Jonathan Edwards

Zdroj: Dictionary of Burning Words of Brilliant Writers (1895), p. 489.

“The God that holds you over the pit of hell, much as one holds a spider, or some loathsome insect over the fire, abhors you, and is dreadfully provoked: his wrath towards you burns like fire; he looks upon you as worthy of nothing else, but to be cast into the fire; he is of purer eyes than to bear to have you in his sight; you are ten thousand times more abominable in his eyes, than the most hateful venomous serpent is in ours.”

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Jonathan Edwards kniha Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God

Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God (1741)

“What tranquillity will there be in heaven! Who can express the fullness and blessedness of this peace! What a calm is this! How sweet and holy and joyous! What a haven of rest to enter, after having passed through the storms and tempests of this world, in which pride and selfishness and envy and malice and scorn and contempt and contention and vice are as waves of a restless ocean, always rolling, and often dashed about in violence and fury! What a Canaan of rest to come to, after going through this waste and howling wilderness, full of snares and pitfalls and poisonous serpents, where no rest could be found.”

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Jonathan Edwards

Zdroj: Dictionary of Burning Words of Brilliant Writers (1895), p. 302.

“Resolved, never to lose one moment of time; but improve it the most profitable way I possibly can.”

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Jonathan Edwards

No. 5.
Seventy Resolutions (1722-1723)

“Whatever in Christ had the nature of satisfaction, was by virtue of His suffering or humiliation; whatever had the nature of merit, was by virtue of His obedience or righteousness.”

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Jonathan Edwards

Zdroj: Dictionary of Burning Words of Brilliant Writers (1895), p. 489.

“As God carries on the work of converting the souls of fallen men through all ages, so He goes on to justify them, to blot out all their sins, and to accept them as righteous in His sight through the righteousness of Christ. He goes on to adopt and receive them from being the children of Satan to be His own children, to carry on the work of His grace which He has begun in them, to comfort them with the consolations of His Spirit, and to bestow upon them, when their bodies die, that eternal glory which is the fruit of Christ's purchase.”

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Jonathan Edwards

Zdroj: Dictionary of Burning Words of Brilliant Writers (1895), p. 489.

“It is evident from the Scripture, that there is yet remaining a great advancement of the interest of religion and the kingdom of Christ in this world, by an abundant outpouring of the Spirit of God, far greater and more extensive than ever yet has been. It is certain, that many things, which are spoken concerning a glorious time of the church’s enlargement and prosperity in the latter days, have never yet been fulfilled.”

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Jonathan Edwards

An Humble Attempt To Promote Explicit Agreement And Visible Union Of God’s People In Extraordinary Prayer For The Revival Of Religion And The Advancement Of Christ’s Kingdom On Earth from Edwards, Jonathan, The works of Jonathan Edwards (Vol. 2, p. 278). Banner of Truth Trust, Edinburgh, 1974.

“I do not now pretend to define justifying faith, or to determine precisely how much is contained in it, but only to determine thus much concerning it, viz. That it is that by which the soul, which before was separate and alienated from Christ, unites itself to him, or ceases to be any longer in that state of alienation, and comes into that forementioned union or relation to him; or to use the scripture phrase, it is that by which the soul comes to Christ, and receives him; and this is evident by the Scriptures using these very expressions to signify faith. John vi. 35-39. 'He that cometh to me, shall never hunger; and he that believeth on me, shall never thirst…”

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Jonathan Edwards

Edwards later writes in this sermon... "The entire active uniting of the soul, or the whole of what is called coming to Christ, and receiving of him, is called faith in Scripture..."
Justification By Faith Alone (1738)

“Your wickedness makes you as it were heavy as lead, and to tend downwards with great weight and pressure towards hell; and if God should let you go, you would immediately sink and switfly descend and plunge into the bottomless gulf, and your healthy constitution, and your own care and prudence, and best contrivance, and all your righteousness, would have no more influence to uphold you and keep you out of hell, than a spider's web would have to stop a fallen rock.”

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Jonathan Edwards kniha Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God

Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God (1741)