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Alfred Marshall citáty

Alfred Marshall bol jedným z najvýznamnejších britských ekonómov.

Pôsobil ako profesor politickej ekonómie na Univerzite v Cambridge a stal sa zakladateľom vplyvnej cambridgeskej ekonomickej školy. Sústredil sa na problematiku mikroekonómie, teda štúdium individuálnych subjektov, trhov a odvetví. Vyvinul jeden z najznámejších ekonomických modelov: dodnes bežne používaný model tzv. „Marshallových nožníc“, ktorý znázorňuje základný vzťah v ekonómii – vzťah medzi dopytom a ponukou. Vo svojom kľúčovom diele Principles of Economics dokázal spojiť do logického celku teórie ponuky a dopytu, marginálneho úžitku a produkčných nákladov. Na veľmi dlhú dobu sa táto kniha stala základnou učebnicou ekonómie v Anglicku. Dôležitým Marshallovým prínosom pre mikroekonomickú teóriu bolo aj zavedenie ukazovateľa cenovej elasticity dopytu, ktorá udáva citlivosť kupujúceho na zmenu ceny kupovaného tovaru. Wikipedia  

✵ 26. júl 1842 – 13. júl 1924
Alfred Marshall fotka
Alfred Marshall: 5   citátov 0   Páči sa

Alfred Marshall: Citáty v angličtine

“The most valuable of all capital is that invested in human beings;”

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Alfred Marshall kniha Principles of Economics

Zdroj: Principles of Economics, (1890), p. 468 (9th ed. 2009).
Kontext: If we compare one country of the civilized world with another, or one part of England with another, or one trade in England with another, we find that the degradation of the working-classes varies almost uniformly with the amount of rough work done by women. The most valuable of all capital is that invested in human beings; and of that capital the most precious part is the result of the care and influence of the mother, so long as she retains her tender and unselfish instincts, and has not been hardened by the strain and stress of unfeminine work.

“I had a growing feeling in the later years of my work at the subject that a good mathematical theorem dealing with economic hypothesis was very well unlikely to be good economics: and I went more and more on the rules - (1) Use mathematics as shorthand language, rather than as an engine of inquiry. (2) Keep to them till you have done. (3) Translate into English. (4) Then illustrate by examples that are important in real life (5) Burn the mathematics. (6) If you can’t succeed in 4, burn 3. This last I do often.”

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Alfred Marshall

Letter to A.L. Bowley, 27 February 1906, cited in: David L. Sills, Robert King Merton, Social Science Quotations: Who Said What, When, and Where http://books.google.com/books?id=WIKQbew5YKcC&pg=PA151 Transaction Publishers, 2000. p. 151.

“There has always been a temptation to classify economic goods in clearly defined groups, about which a number of short and sharp propositions could be made, to gratify at once the student’s desire for logical precision, and the popular liking for dogmas that have the air of being profound and are yet easily handled. But great mischief seems to have been done by yielding to this temptation, and drawing broad artificial lines of division where Nature has made none. The more simple and absolute an economic doctrine is, the greater will be the confusion which it brings into attempts to apply economic doctrines to practice, if the dividing lines to which it refers cannot be found in real life. There is not in real life a clear line of division between things that are and are not Capital, or that are and are not Necessaries, or again between labour that is and is not Productive.”

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Alfred Marshall kniha Principles of Economics

Zdroj: Principles of Economics, (1890), p. viii (9th ed. 2009).

“I am myself an uncompromising anti-Jingoe, a peace-at-almost-any-price man. Chamberlain is the only Unionist public man whom I have ever thoroughly distrusted. Excepting Napoleon, I believe that England's true greatness has had no such dangerous enemy since Lord North. When a radical, he delighted to dish his colleagues even more than to flout his opponents. He is now engaged in dishing his new colleagues and flouting his old friends.”

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Alfred Marshall

Alfred Marshall to N. G. Pierson, 6 April 1900

“Political Economy or Economics is a study of mankind in the ordinary business of life; it examines that part of individual and social action which is most closely connected with the attainment and with the use of the material requisites of wellbeing.”

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Alfred Marshall kniha Principles of Economics

Bk I, Ch. I, Introduction
Principles of Economics, (1890)